Why frozen pipes burst, and where the split actually happens
Water expands as it turns to ice. Inside a closed pipe that expansion has nowhere to go, so pressure builds between the ice plug and the nearest closed tap. The pipe then fails at its weakest point, which is frequently not where the ice is. A split can appear several feet along from the frozen section, which is why hunting for frost on a pipe is a poor way to find the damage.
The damage also shows up late, and this catches almost everyone out. While the plug is frozen it is sealing the split, so nothing leaks. The water arrives when it melts, usually the next afternoon when the sun comes round or when somebody turns the heating up. The mess appears after the cold has passed, and people naturally assume the danger passed with it.
